IgE stands for Immunoglobulin E, a special type of antibody involved mainly in allergic reactions and parasitic infections.
1. Structure of IgE
- Y-shaped antibody
- Produced by B-lymphocytes (plasma cells)
- Binds strongly to mast cells and basophils
- Has high affinity for FcεRI receptors
2. Physiology (How IgE Works)
- Allergen enters the body (dust, pollen, food, etc.)
- B-cells produce specific IgE antibodies
- IgE attaches to mast cells
- On re-exposure, mast cells release:
- Histamine
- Prostaglandins
- Leukotrienes
This causes allergy symptoms.
3. Conditions Associated with High IgE
Allergic Disorders
- Allergic rhinitis
- Bronchial asthma
- Atopic dermatitis
- Urticaria
- Food allergy
Parasitic Infections
- Roundworms
- Hookworms
- Tapeworms
Rare Disorders
- Hyper-IgE Syndrome (Job Syndrome)
4. Normal IgE Levels
- Adults: 0–100 IU/mL
- Children: Slightly higher
- Severe allergy: Often above 500 IU/mL
5. IgE Tests
- Total IgE Test – Measures overall IgE level
- Specific IgE Test – Detects allergy to particular substances
- RAST Test – Older method for allergen-specific IgE
6. Symptoms of High IgE
- Sneezing
- Itchy eyes
- Skin rashes
- Wheezing
- Swelling
- Anaphylaxis (severe reaction)
7. Management
Allopathic Treatment
- Antihistamines
- Steroids
- Leukotriene inhibitors
- Omalizumab (Anti-IgE monoclonal antibody)
Naturopathy
- Allergen avoidance
- Immune-supportive diet
- Vitamin C and Omega-3
Homeopathic Approach (Based on Symptoms)
- Apis mellifica – Swelling with burning
- Natrum mur – Allergic sneezing
- Arsenicum album – Allergy with restlessness
- Sulphur – Chronic skin allergy
Note: High IgE indicates allergic tendency. Diagnosis depends on clinical symptoms, examination, and specific IgE testing.
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